ISC, CAS, Google Scholar     h-index: 20

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

1 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

2 Unit of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.4.6

Abstract

The essential oils and fatty constituents of Capparis spinosa as an important medicinal plant were extracted in petroleum ether and tested as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. The components of the petroleum ether extract were identified by spectroscopic analysis using GC/MS. The spectral analysis showed that this extract contains mainly tetracosane (14.368%), methyl-cyclopentane (11.979%), heptadecane (11.794%), heptacosane (10.098%), eicosane (3.481%), vitamin E (4.280%), α-Cadinol (3.079%), Spathulenol (0.868%), α-Curcumene (1.188%), Muurolol (0.917%), phytol (1.727%), trans geranyl geraniol (0.862%), Palmitic acid (1.132%) and stigmasterol (2.172%). The functional chemical groups were estimated using Fourier transform infrared” FTIR” spectroscopy. The main phytochemical constituents present in this extract were quantitatively estimated. The antioxidant scavenging activity of petroleum ether extract was also examined using DPPH·, FIC, ABTS+· and FRAP assays. The petroleum ether extract of C. spinosa expressed a good antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial activity of C. spinosa extract was evaluated against several pathogenic bacterial strains such as Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneunomonia, Erwinia carotovora and Escherichia coli in addition to Candida albicans as pathogenic fungal strain. The extract exhibited a broad antimicrobial spectrum against the tested microorganisms. MIC and MBC of the extract were determined. The results showed inhibitory activity against all the tested organisms while showed cidal activity against only B. subtilis, K. pneunomonia and C. albicans.

Graphical Abstract

Evaluation of the biological activity of Capparis spinosa var. aegyptiaca essential oils and fatty constituents as Anticipated Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents

Keywords

Main Subjects

References:    
 
 
 
[1] A. Sokmen, B.M. Jones and M. Erturk, The in vitro antibacterial activity of Turkish medicinal plants. Journal of ethnopharmacology,  67 (1999)  79-86.
[2] G. Buckley, MARTINDALE: THE EXTRA PHARMACOPOEIA (29th edition). The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners,  39 (1989)  440-440.
[3] I. Bhattacharjee, A. Ghosh and G. Chandra, Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Cestrum diurnum (L.)(Solanales: Solanaceae). African Journal of Biotechnology,  4 (2005)  371-374.
[4] B. Tepe, D. Daferera, A. Sokmen, M. Sokmen and M. Polissiou, Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Salvia tomentosa Miller (Lamiaceae). Food chemistry,  90 (2005)  333-340.
[5] A. Jimenez‐Arellanes, M. Meckes, R. Ramirez, J. Torres and J. Luna‐Herrera, Activity against multidrug‐resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mexican plants used to treat respiratory diseases. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives,  17 (2003)  903-908.
[6] K.A. Hammer, C.F. Carson and T.V. Riley, Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. Journal of applied microbiology,  86 (1999)  985-990.
[7] K.A. Hammer, C.F. Carson and T. Riley, In-vitro activity of essential oils, in particular Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and tea tree oil products, against Candida spp. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy,  42 (1998)  591-595.
[8] R. Nelson, In-vitro activities of five plant essential oils against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy,  40 (1997)  305-306.
[9] G.M. Farooq Anwar, M.A. Hussain, G. Zengin, K.M. Alkharfy, M. Ashraf and A.-H. Gilani, Capparis spinosa L.: a plant with high potential for development of functional foods and nutraceuticals/pharmaceuticals. International Journal of Pharmacology,  12 (2016)  201-219.
[10] N. Tlili, A. Khaldi, S. Triki and S. Munné-Bosch, Phenolic compounds and vitamin antioxidants of caper (Capparis spinosa). Plant foods for human nutrition,  65 (2010)  260-265.
[11] N.H. Mohamed and A.E. Mahrous, Chemical constituents of Descurainia sophia L. and its biological activity. Records of natural products,  3 (2009) 
[12] S.F. Nabavi, F. Maggi, M. Daglia, S. Habtemariam, L. Rastrelli and S.M. Nabavi, Pharmacological effects of Capparis spinosa L. Phytotherapy Research,  30 (2016)  1733-1744.
[13] R.O. Bakr and M.H. El Bishbishy, Profile of bioactive compounds of Capparis spinosa var. aegyptiaca growing in Egypt. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia,  26 (2016)  514-520.
[14] M. Eddouks, A. Lemhadri and J.-B. Michel, Hypolipidemic activity of aqueous extract of Capparis spinosa L. in normal and diabetic rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology,  98 (2005)  345-350.
[15] R. Rahnavard and N. Razavi, A review on the medical effects of Capparis spinosa L. Advanced Herbal Medicine,  3 (2017)  44-53.
[16] D. Trombetta, F. Occhiuto, D. Perri, C. Puglia, N.A. Santagati, A.D. Pasquale, A. Saija and F. Bonina, Antiallergic and antihistaminic effect of two extracts of Capparis spinosa L. flowering buds. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives,  19 (2005)  29-33.
[17] L. Boulos, Flora of egypt. Vol. 4. (2005): Al Hadara Publishing Cairo.
[18] K. Wolfe, X. Wu and R.H. Liu, Antioxidant activity of apple peels. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,  51 (2003)  609-614.
[19] J. Zhishen, T. Mengcheng and W. Jianming, Research on antioxidant activity of flavonoids from natural materials. Food Chem,  64 (1999)  555-559.
[20] J. Harborne, Phytochemical methods chapman and Hall. Ltd. London,  4 (1973)  49-188.
[21] B. Obadoni and P. Ochuko, Phytochemical studies and comparative efficacy of the crude extracts of some haemostatic plants in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria. Global Journal of pure and applied sciences,  8 (2002)  203-208.
[22] S. Sadasivam, Biochemical methods. (1996): New age international.
[23] D.D. Kitts, A.N. Wijewickreme and C. Hu, Antioxidant properties of a North American ginseng extract. Molecular and cellular biochemistry,  203 (2000)  1-10.
[24] C.M. Liyana-Pathirana and F. Shahidi, Antioxidant activity of commercial soft and hard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by gastric pH conditions. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,  53 (2005)  2433-2440.
[25] I. Parejo, C. Codina, C. Petrakis and P. Kefalas, Evaluation of scavenging activity assessed by Co (II)/EDTA-induced luminol chemiluminescence and DPPH·(2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical assay. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods,  44 (2000)  507-512.
[26] R. Re, N. Pellegrini, A. Proteggente, A. Pannala, M. Yang and C. Rice-Evans, Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free radical biology and medicine,  26 (1999)  1231-1237.
[27] N. Singh and P. Rajini, Free radical scavenging activity of an aqueous extract of potato peel. Food chemistry,  85 (2004)  611-616.
[28] I.F. Benzie and J.J. Strain, The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Analytical biochemistry,  239 (1996)  70-76.
[29] K.S. Rosenthal, Medical Microbiology and Immunology Flash Cards E-Book. (2016): Elsevier Health Sciences.
[30] S. Sardari, G. Amin, R.G. Micetich and M. Daneshtalab, Phytopharmaceuticals. Part 1. Antifungal activity of selected Iranian and Canadian plants. Pharmaceutical Biology,  36 (1998)  180-188.
[31] A. Hassan, S. Rahman, F. Deeba and S. Mahmud, Antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts having hepatoprotective effects. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research,  3 (2009)  020-023.
[32] K.O. Akinyemi, O. Oladapo, C.E. Okwara, C.C. Ibe and K.A. Fasure, Screening of crude extracts of six medicinal plants used in South-West Nigerian unorthodox medicine for anti-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity. BMC complementary and alternative medicine,  5 (2005)  6.
[33] A. Vik, A. James and L.-L. Gundersen, Screening of terpenes and derivatives for antimycobacterial activity; identification of geranylgeraniol and geranylgeranyl acetate as potent inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro. Planta medica,  73 (2007)  1410-1412.
[34] T. Netscher, Synthesis of vitamin E. Vitamins & Hormones,  76 (2007)  155-202.
[35] A.M. Daines, R.J. Payne, M.E. Humphries and A.D. Abell, The synthesis of naturally occurring vitamin K and vitamin K analogues. Current Organic Chemistry,  7 (2003)  1625-1634.
[36] P. Sundararaman and C. Djerassi, A convenient synthesis of progesterone from stigmasterol. The Journal of organic chemistry,  42 (1977)  3633-3634.
[37] N. Kaur, J. Chaudhary, A. Jain and L. Kishore, Stigmasterol: a comprehensive review. International journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research,  2 (2011)  2259.
[38] A.N.M. Alamgir, Therapeutic Use of Medicinal Plants and their Extracts. Volume 2, Volume 2. (2018) 
[39] T. Kametani and H. Furuyama, Synthesis of vitamin D3 and related compounds. Medicinal research reviews,  7 (1987)  147-171.
[40] V. Lobo, A. Patil, A. Phatak and N. Chandra, Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacognosy reviews,  4 (2010)  118.
[41] M.G. Traber and J.F. Stevens, Vitamins C and E: beneficial effects from a mechanistic perspective. Free Radical Biology and Medicine,  51 (2011)  1000-1013.
[42] P.K. Singh and S. Krishnan, Vitamin E analogs as radiation response modifiers. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine,  2015 (2015) 
[43] C.-L. Ho, P.-C. Liao, E.I.-C. Wang and Y.-C. Su, Composition and antifungal activities of the leaf essential oil of Neolitsea parvigemma from Taiwan. Natural product communications,  6 (2011)  1934578X1100600935.
[44] Y.-T. Tung, C.-C. Huang, S.-T. Ho, Y.-H. Kuo, C.-C. Lin, C.-T. Lin and J.-H. Wu, Bioactive phytochemicals of leaf essential oils of Cinnamomum osmophloeum prevent lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN)-induced acute hepatitis in mice. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,  59 (2011)  8117-8123.
[45] J. Bueno, P. Escobar, J.R. Martínez, S.M. Leal and E.E. Stashenko, Composition of three essential oils, and their mammalian cell toxicity and antimycobacterial activity against drug resistant-tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria strains. Natural product communications,  6 (2011)  1934578X1100601143.
 
 
How to cite this manuscript:
 O.A. El-Shahaby, M. El-Zayat, G. Abd El-Fattah and M.M. El-Hefny,Evaluation of the biological activity of Capparis spinosa var. aegyptiaca essential oils and fatty constituents as Anticipated Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents. Progress in Chemical and Biochemical Research,  2 (2019),  211-221.
 
.DOI: 10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.4.6
 
  Rounded Rectangle: How to cite this manuscript: 
 O.A. El-Shahaby, M. El-Zayat, G. Abd El-Fattah and M.M. El-Hefny,Evaluation of the biological activity of Capparis spinosa var. aegyptiaca essential oils and fatty constituents as Anticipated Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents. Progress in Chemical and Biochemical Research,  2 (2019),  211-221.

.DOI: 10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.4.6