Chemical Composition, Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Extracts of the Leaves of Parquetina nigrescens (Asclepiadaceae)

Olaleye, Oluwatoyin O.; Oladipupo, Akolade R.; Oyawaluja, Bamisaye O.; Coker, Herbert A. B.

doi:10.22034/pcbr.2021.287025.1188

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, College of Medicine Campus, PMB 12003, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria.

https://doi.org/10.22034/pcbr.2021.287025.1188

Abstract

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases, while multiple drug resistance constitutes a major problem in management of infectious diseases. The aforementioned problems necessitate continuous investigations for development of novel antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Here, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, 70%-ethanol and methanol extracts of Parquetina nigrescens leaves were investigated. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, DPPH, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation assays. Antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and antifungal (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albican and Penicillium spp.) activities of the extracts were examined using agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical investigations revealed presence of various phytochemicals, including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, and terpenoids. Total phenolic contents were in the range 0.321±0.030–0.432±0.030 mg gallic acid/g extract, while total flavonoid contents were in the range 0.020±0.003–0.064±0.006 mg quercetin/g extract. The extracts displayed moderate total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ferric reducing power; having TAC values in the range 0.820±0.060–0.876±0.030 mg ascorbic acid/g extract and reducing powers in the range 0.01–0.68. The extracts showed moderate to high activities against DPPH radical, nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation; having IC₅₀ values in the range 59.3±10.8–87. 1±14.2 µg/mL, 52.7±10.6–56.9±10.1 µg/mL, and 58.9±18.6–101.3±10.2 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, ethyl-acetate extract showed broad spectrum antibacterial activities, while n-hexane extract demonstrated narrow spectrum antifungal activity. These findings suggest that P. nigrescens leaves have potentials as source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

Various extracts of Parquetina nigrescens leaves (PN) showed moderate to high activities against DPPH radical, nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation
Ethyl-acetate extract of PN showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity, while n-hexane extract demonstrated narrow spectrum antifungal activity
nigrescens leaves possess potentials as source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agents

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Progress in Chemical and Biochemical Research

Chemical Composition, Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Extracts of the Leaves of Parquetina nigrescens (Asclepiadaceae)

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Volume 4, Issue 4
December 2021
Pages 359-371

Chemical Composition, Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Extracts of the Leaves of Parquetina nigrescens (Asclepiadaceae)

Full Text

Full Text

References

References

Volume 4, Issue 4December 2021Pages 359-371

Volume 4, Issue 4
December 2021
Pages 359-371