ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Preferential Solvation of Mordant Black and Solochrome Dark Blue in Mixed Solvent Systems
In this study, the preferential solvation of Mordant Black and Solochrome Dark Blue were investigated in mixed solvent systems of aqueous methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, methanol: ethanol, methanol:propan-1-ol, methanol:propan-2-ol, ethanol:propan-1-ol, ethanol:propan-2-ol, propan-1-ol:propan-2-ol and carbon tetrachloride: dimethylformamide. Results showed a deviation of solvation data from ideality over the majority of composition ranges in all the solvent mixtures. The type and contribution of specific and non-specific solute-solvent interactions were analyzed in the framework of the linear solvation energy relationships. Statistical analysis of single, dual, and multiparametric equations revealed that in pure solvents, spectral behaviours of MB and SDB were affected by the polarity and basicity of the solvent milieu respectively. However in aqueous alcohols, polarity of the solvent milieu was the most significant determinant of spectral patterns with α and β parameters playing secondary contributory roles in the spectral changes of MB and SDB, respectively. Multiparametric equations generally yielded the best fitted model in mixed alcohol systems with polarity remaining the largest contributor, followed by β and α of the solvent milieu in that order. Spectral-structure relationships identified ion-dipole interactions involving the charged sulphonate and hydrazone moieties as well as proton-donor-acceptor interactions of the common labile hydroxyl groups as mechanisms for the observed solvation data.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_89877_81f919b8ba4b160248bab8da9b06df43.pdf
2019-05-01
40
52
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.2.1
Preferential solvation
Mordant black
Solochrome dark blue
Mixed solvent systems
Linear solvation energy
Olusegun E.
Thomas
seguntom@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Olajire. A.
Adegoke
ao.adegoke@mail.ui.edu.ng
2
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
AbdulWarith. F.
Kazeem
folkaz@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Ikechukwu. C.
Ezeuchenne
cezeuchenne1@gmail.com
4
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
AUTHOR
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18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biotic / Abiotic Stress Influences on Human Epidermal Keratinocyte Cells
Human epidermal keratinocyte cells are the first defence blocks against the aggressive agents such as pathogens and xenobiotic materials. Synthesis process of the cellular proteins can be affected by abiotic stresses (aBS like: SiO2 nanoparticles) and biotic stresses (BS like: Virus), leading to the alteration of consumed energy profiles of proteins. The consumed energy profile of each protein was calculated based on their consumed ATP during the amino acids synthesizing procedure. Cells consumed more ATP, more energy, to synthesize more proteins under BS conditions compare to aBS conditions. Our results suggested that, the cells infected by pathogens are tend to survive longer than the treated cells by xenobiotic materials. Our data analysis revealed that the most energy reduction took place under aBS conditions. So, aBS could have severe effect on energy production pathways and decrease the energy source of cells. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the complexity of cellular protein networks under aBS conditions were more than BS conditions. It seems the cellular energy reduction under aBS conditions is one of the important factors in cell death. In addition, the position of proteins in the protein network was another important factor that should be carefully considered.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_89878_edf7845b7a356b4ee293949406665754.pdf
2019-05-01
53
58
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.2.2
Abiotic stress
Biotic stress
Epidermal cell
Silicon dioxide
Protein networks
Seyed Mohammad
Motevalli
smmotevalli1990@gmail.com
1
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
AUTHOR
Fateme
Mirzajani
fateme.mirzajani@gmail.com
2
Departmrnt of Nanobiotechnology, Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
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2
[3] P. G. Rossi, F. Chini, S. Bisanzi, E. Burroni, G. Carillo, A. Lattanzi, P. Capparucci, Infect. Agent. Cancer, 2011, 6: 2
3
[4] S. Boulenouar, C. Weyn, M. Van Noppen, M. Moussa Ali, M. Favre, P. O. Delvenne, V. Fontaine, Carcinogenesis, 2010, 31:473
4
[5] a) M. Mahmoudi, I. Lynch, M. R. Ejtehadi, M. P. Monopoli, F. B. Bombelli, and S. Laurent, Chem. Rev., 2011, 111: 5610 b) M. Soleiman-Beigi, Z. Arzehgar, Synlett, 2018, 29:986 c) S. Sajjadifar, Z. Arzehgar, S. Khoshpoori, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater., 2018, 28:837 d) Z. Arzehgar, S. Sajjadifar, H. Arandiyan, Asian J. Green Chem., 2019, 3:43 e) M. Soleiman-Beigi, Z. Arzehgar, J. Sulfur Chem., 2015, 36:395 f) M. Soleiman-Beigi, Z. Arzehgar, Monatsh Chem., 2016, 147:1759 f) M. Soleiman‑Beigi Z. Arzehgar Heteroatom Chem., 2016, 26:355 g) M. Soleiman-Beigi, Z. Arzehgar, B. Movassagh, Synthesis, 2010, 392
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[6] M. M. Byranvand, A. Dabirian, A. N. Kharat, and N. Taghavinia, RSC Adv., 2015, 5: 33098
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[7] M. A. Malvindi, V. De Matteis, A. Galeone, V. Brunetti, G. C. Anyfantis, A. Athanassiou, P. P. Pompa, PLoS One, 2014, 9: e85835
7
[8] X. Q. Zhang, L. H. Yin, M. Tang, Y. P. Pu, Biomed. Environ. Sci., 2011, 24: 661
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[9] J. Duan, Y. Yu, Y. Li, Y. Yu, Y. Li, X. Zhou, Z. Sun, PLoS One, 2013, 8: e62087
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[10] S. Echevarría-Zomeño, E. Yángüez, N. Fernández-Bautista, A. Castro-Sanz, A. Ferrando, M. Castellano, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2013, 14: 4670
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[13] X. Yang, J. Liu, H. He, L. Zhou, C. Gong, X. Wang, B. Zhang, Part. Fibre Toxicol., 2010, 7: 1
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24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Tandem Knoevenagel-Michael-cyclocondensation reaction of malononitrile, various aldehydes and barbituric acid derivatives using isonicotinic acid as an efficient catalyst
In this work, we have reported the preparation of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine dione derivatives by the tandem Knoevenagel-Michael-cyclocondensation reaction of malononitrile, various aldehydes and barbituric acid derivatives at the presence of isonicotinic acid as an efficient organocatalyst.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_90431_0b4cf88bc3e4e8fd6b8887871342aa00.pdf
2019-05-01
59
65
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.2.3
Pyrano[2
3-d]pyrimidine dione
Tandem reaction
Isonicotinic acid
Organocatalyst
Ahmad Reza
Moosavi-Zare
moosavizare@yahoo.com
1
Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, 6541861841, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamid
Goudarziafshar
hamid_gafshar@yahoo.com
2
Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, 6541861841, I. R. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
Jalilian
zara.jalilian@gmail.com
3
Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, 6541861841, I. R. Iran
AUTHOR
[1] Moosavi-Zare A. R., Zolfigol M. A., Khaledian O., Khakyzadeh V., farahani M. D., Beyzavi M. H., Kruger H. G., Chem. Engin. J., 2014, 248: 122
1
[2] Moosavi-Zare A. R., Zolfigol M. A., Khaledian O., Khakyzadeh V., Farahani M. D., Kruger H. G., New J. Chem., 2014, 38: 2342
2
[3] Khazaei A., Abbasi F., Moosavi-Zare A. R., New J. Chem., 2014, 38: 5287
3
[4] Khazaei A., Moosavi-Zare A. R., Afshar-Hezarkhani H., Khakyzadeh V., RSC Adv., 2014, 4: 32142
4
[5] Zolfigol M. A., Khazaei A., Moosavi-Zare A. R., Afsar J., Khakyzadeh V., Khaledian O.,
5
J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 2015, 62: 398
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[10] Khazaei A., Alavi-Nik H. A., Moosavi-Zare, A. R., J. Chin. Chem. Soc. 2015, 62: 675
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[11] Shestopalov A. A., Rodinovskaya L. A., Shestopalov A. M., Litvinov V. P., Russ Chem Bull., 2004, 53: 724
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[12] Yu J., Wang, H. Synth. Commun., 2005, 35: 3133
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[13] Heravi M. M., Ghods A., Derikvand F., Bakhtiari K., Bamoharram, F. F., J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 2010, 7: 615
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[16] Moosavi‐Zare A. R., Goudarziafshar H., Jalilian Z., Appl Organometal Chem. 2019, 33, e4584
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Isolation and characterization of spinasterol from crossopterxy febrifuga stem bark
In this study, stem bark of Crossopteryx febrifuga (Rubiaceae), a traditional medicinal, plant used for treatment of various diseases. The diseases was phytochemically screened by cold maceration using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts. Results revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, and phytosterols. Separation and purification of the ethyl acetate extracts by column chromatography (CC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and characterization with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses, led to isolation of spinasterol, established on the basis of both 13C and 1H NMR spectral data and by comparison with literature. It was also confirmed that, spinasterol cures diabetes by reducing serum triglycerides. This is the first report on isolation of spinasterol from the stem bark of Crossopteryx febrfuga.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_91260_98c2fc940add49369b472ad0db1e264a.pdf
2019-07-31
66
73
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.2.5
Crossopteryx febrifuga
phytochemistry bioactive component
Chromatography
purification and isolation
Muluh Emmanuel
Khan
khandora2000@gmail.com
1
Federal university of agriculture makurdi, College of science, Department of chemistry benue state, Nigeria
LEAD_AUTHOR
Adebayo Samuel
Adeiza
samuel3945@gmail.com
2
Federal university of agriculture makurdi, College of science, Department of chemistry benue state, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Terumon Amon
Tor-Anyiin
toranyii200@yaoo.com
3
Federal university of agriculture makurdi, College of science, Department of chemistry benue state, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Abel
Alexander
abelalexander@yahoo.com
4
Federal university of agriculture makurdi, College of science, Department of chemistry benue state, Nigeria
AUTHOR
[1] Mamta S., Jyoti S., Rajeev N., Dharmendra S. Abhishek G. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem.2013, 1: 168
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[2] Himani R., Garima S., Nupur J., Neelam S., Navneeta B. Turk. J. Bot., 2014, 38: 1027
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[3] Singh R. J. Plant Sci., 2015, 3: 50
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[4] Nwachukwu C.U., Umeh C.N., Kalu I.G., Okere S., Nwoko M.C., Report and Opinion, 2010, 2: 1
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[5] Chukwuemeka I.M., Udeozo I. P., Odo M. C., Oraekwute E. E., Onyeze R. C. Ugwu O.P.C. Int. J. Res. Rev. Pharm. Appl. Sci., 2013, 3: 470
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[6] Olasehinde G., Olusola O., Adegboyega O.A., Obasola E.F., Neena V., Isaac O. A., Adesola A.A., Louis, O.E., Malar. J., 2014, 13: 63
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[7] Emiola O. K.S., Abbah E.A., Odeyemi J.B., Taiwo T.B., Int. res. j. eng. tech., 2015, 2: 550
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[8] Mrinmay D., Ashok K.D., Mastanaiah K., Arup D., Int. j. pharm. sci. res., 2015, 6: 1027
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[9] Adikwu U.M., Uzuegbu D.B., Okoye T.C., Uzor P.F., Adibe, M.O., Amadi, B.V, J. Basic. Clin. Pharm., 2010, 1: 197
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[10] Khan M.E., Yakubu U.D., Kubmarawa D. Br. J. Appl. Sci. Technol., 2015, 5: 396
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[11] Tor-Anyiin T.A., Igoli J.O., Anyam J.N., J. Chem. Soc. Nigeria, 2015, 40: 71
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[12] Rasooli I. (Ed.). Phytochemicals: Bioactivities and Impact on Health. BoD–Books on Demand, 2011
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[13] Shobha G.S.C., Shashidhara K.S., Vinutha M., Int. Res. J., 2014, 5: 273
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[16] Bassoueka D.J., Taiwe S.G., Nsonde N.G.F., Ngo B.E., Int. J. Sci. Res., 2016, 5:112
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[17] Tsabang N., Yedjou C.G., Tsambang L.W.D., Tchinda A.T., Donfagsiteli N., Agbor G.A., Tchounwou P.B.B., Nkongmeneck B.A., Med. Aromat. Plants, 2015, S2: 003
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[18] Orwa C., Mutua A., Kindt R., Jamnadass R., Anthony S., Crossopteryx febrifuga Agroforest Tree Database: A Tree Reference and Selection Guide Version 4.0. 1-5. 2009. Retrieved from http.worldagroforestry.org/af/tree/ (Databases 2009; 4/2/17)
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[19] Ojewale A.O., Olaniyan O.T., Yemitan O.K., Odukanmi O.A., Dare B.J., Nnaemeka W.S., Omoaghe O., Akingbade A.M., Ogunmodede O.S., Adebari A.O., Mintage J. Pharm. Med. Sci., 2013, 2: 48
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[21] Anyam J.N., Tor-Anyiin T.A., Igoli J.O., Res. Chem. Pharm. Sci, 2015, 2: 32
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[22] Khan M.E., Anyam J.V., Okwudili E.E., J. Sci. Res., 2015, 3: 252
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38
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Acute and subchronic toxicity profiles of Melastomastrum capitatum (Vahl) Fern. (Melastomataceae) root aqueous extract in Swiss albino mice
Melastomastrum capitatum is a plant whose leaf extract is popularly known for its ability to cure cancer of the ovary in Mambila plateau towns in Nigeria. Apart from the leaves, the root extract has been used to manage various diseases such as bacterial infections, pains, and diabetes. As a result of these health benefits, liver and vital organ damage are often associated with short (acute) or long (subchronic) intake of this plant decoction in traditional medicines. This present study was carried out to determine short and long (subchronic) terms effect of the root aqueous extract for the treatment of diseases especially diabetes by the Fulani tribe in Mambila plateau in Taraba State, Nigeria. Acute and subchronic toxicity studies were carried out following the guidelines stipulated by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). In the acute toxicity study, a limit test dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w) of aqueous root extract was administered by oral route into five Swiss albino mice consisting of five groups of one mouse per group. Observations were carefully made for signs of toxicity for the first 4 hours and then once daily for 2 weeks. A lower dose of 300 mg/kg b.w administered to the mice do not show any sign of acute toxicity unlike the higher dose which produced signs such a reddish eyes, itching and restlessness which last only a few minutes of extract administration. Subchronic toxicity study revealed that root extract of the plant is slightly toxic as had shown by results of most of blood parameters investigated such as WBC, PCV, ALT, AST, ALP, serum electrolytes, etc. However, our results showed that root aqueous extract of M. capitatum is well tolerated at the doses investigated as there was no major damage to vital organs like the liver, kidney and heart of the animals. The study therefore showed that the root extract of the plant is safe for use as an ethnomedicinal prescription for diseases in traditional medicine.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_92077_7be05768ebd4cd62e7256001cdea6a9e.pdf
2019-05-01
74
83
10.33945/SAMI/pcbr.2019.2.2.6
Toxicity profiles
Mambila plateau
Melastomastrum capitatum
blood parameters
Cletus
Ukwubile
doccletus@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Emmanuel
Ikpefan
ikpefan@delsu.edu.ng
2
Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
AUTHOR
Mathias
Bingari
bingarimat2014@gmail.com
3
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taraba State University Jalingo.
AUTHOR
Livinus
Tam
tamlivinus@yahoo.com
4
Department of Hematology, Laboratory Sciences Division, Sancta Maria Clinic Integrated Laboratory, fhi360/USAID Affiliate, Bali, Nigeria.
AUTHOR
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