ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Quantum-chemical study of geometric and energy characteristics of some bases of shiff gossipol
The most important aspect of modern chemistry lies in the fact that along with instrumental (physical) methods, computer modelling plays an increasing role in it. The role of molecular modelling in chemistry is quite large, despite the obvious priority of experimental research in this field of natural science. The most significant ones are theoretical results that are impossible, extremely difficult or too expensive to be obtained by experimental means.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_82192_cb22c615b9e8376b7b71c92e84a94602.pdf
2019-02-01
1
5
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.15
Gossypol
tautomeric forms
X-ray diffraction analysis
electron density
Energy characteristics
Semi empirical methods (RM1, PM6 and PM7)
MOPAC2012
Transition barrier
Khaitbaev Kh.
Alisher
polyphenol-10@yandex.ru
1
Department Chemistry of natural compounds, Faculty of Chemistry National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Uzbekistan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Toshov S.
Khamza
2
Department Chemistry of natural compounds, Faculty of Chemistry National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Uzbekistan
AUTHOR
Yuldashev Sh.
Ikbol
3
Department Chemistry of natural compounds, Faculty of Chemistry National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Uzbekistan
AUTHOR
[1] I. A. Samylina and G.P.Yakovlev, Pharmacognosy, 2013, Moscow. GEOTAR. Media, pp. 976
1
[2] N. I. Baram and A. I. Ismailov, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 1993, 3, 334.
2
[3] A. I. Glushenkova and I. P. Nazarov, Gossypol, its derivatives and their use. 1993: Tashkent, Fan.
3
[4] M. A. Ashirmatov and N. D. Abdullaev, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 1996, 2, 517.
4
[5] N. D. Abdullaev et al., Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 1990, 4, 166.
5
[6] G. B. Nazarov, B. T. Ibragimov, T. F. Aripov, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 1988, 3, 661.
6
[7] J. P. Stewart. Mopac program package for Windows. www.openmopac.net.
7
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative study of pharmaceutical content of three different cardio vascular system drugs marketed in Tripoli- Libya
Generic drugs have increased in their popularity as the cost of their brand counterparts have arisen. Post-marketing testing of some drugs is used to assure quality, efficacy and safety of those drugs made available for public use. This is to give evidence of their effectiveness. This study was undertaken to justify the use of generic substitution of metoprolol, spironolactone and verapamil brands marketed in Tripoli-Libya. This evaluation was achieved through QC tests for hardness, disintegration time and chemical content according to British Pharmacopoeial standards. The results of these tests were found to comply with pharmacopoial range indicating their efficiency to be used as a substituent for brands of higher price.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_82641_b4d5dee62e298e51c40a420a1be715f9.pdf
2019-02-01
6
12
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.612
generic
Cost
safety
Efficacy
substituent
Amira Salem
Zaek
1
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli; Tripoli-Libya
AUTHOR
Balsam Ali
Benhamed
2
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli; Tripoli-Libya
AUTHOR
Mabroka Ali
Al shahomy
3
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli; Tripoli-Libya
AUTHOR
Ruwida
kamour
ruwidakamour@yahoo.co.uk
4
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli; Tripoli-Libya
LEAD_AUTHOR
Akram
Eshames
5
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli; Tripoli-Libya
AUTHOR
[1] National Association of Chain Drug Stores.’ Industry- facts-at-a-Glance’. 2008 available at www.nacds.org/wmspage.cfm?parm1=507.
1
[2] US Food and Drug Administration, Center for DrugEvaluation and Research. What are generic drugs?Available from: http://www.fda.gov/cder/ogd/index.htm#Introduction. Accessed: April 16, 2002.
2
[3] WHO Drug Information Vol. 28, No. 4, © 2014.
3
[4] Remington Essentials of Pharmaceutics by Linda A. Felton, PhD University of New Mexico ©2012.
4
[5] Quality assurance of pharmaceuticals Volume 2, Good manufacturing practices and inspection by World Health Organization© 2007.
5
[6] Altons Pharmaceutics, The Design And Manufacture Of Medicines By Michael E,Aulton 3rd edition © 2007.
6
[7] The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy 2nd edition by Leon Lachman © 1970.
7
[8] The British Pharmacopoia 2010.
8
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigation of phytochemicals in methanolic leaves extracts of Abutilon pannosum and Grewia tenax by Q-TOF LC/MS
The current study was carried out on the extraction, isolation, and identification of phytochemical constituents existing in the Abutilon pannosum and Grewia tenax leaves extract collected from Kachchh region of Gujarat state, India. The main aim of this study was to expose important polar phytochemicals in locally available medicinal plants using LC-Q-TOF-MS analytical techniques. The main analytical tool is liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) which is one of the most sophisticated and sensitive instruments that gives qualitative as well as quantitative information accurately with respect to constituents present in the sample. The continuous extraction of plant leaves was commenced by Soxhlet extractor utilizing methanol as a solvent. The crude methanolic extracts were inserted in LC-Q-TOF-MS for identification and isolation of useful phytochemicals. The results of phytochemical analysis displayed that there were significant phytochemicals found in methanol extracts of A. pannosum leaves (APL) such as alkaloids, photoproteins, antibioticand in G. tenax leaves (GTL) like alkaloids, photoproteins, glycoside, terpenoids, fatty amides, steroids, fatty alcohols, saponins, flavones, flavonols, steroid etc. Hence, methanolic extract of GTL gives good medicinal activity as compared to the APL.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_82690_c17edd3026c17594f90bc68ac0db024d.pdf
2019-02-01
13
19
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.1319
Abutilon pannosum
Grewiatenax
phytochemicals
LC-Q-TOF-MS
Soxhlet extraction
Mital K.
Aadesariya
1
Department of Chemistry, KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj, Kachchh- 370001
AUTHOR
Vijay R.
Ram
2
Department of Chemistry, KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj, Kachchh- 370001
AUTHOR
Pragnesh N
Dave
pragnesh7@yahoo.com
3
Department of Chemistry, KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj, Kachchh- 370001
LEAD_AUTHOR
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[4] Abedin S.,Pak. J. Bot., 1980,12:43
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[5] Sammia Y., Studies on bioactive natural products of selected species of family Malvaceae,Ph. D. Thesis, Department of Chemistry GC University, Lahore, 2008
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[6] Anup A.,Bioscience Discovery, 2012,3:317-320
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[7] Habiba U., Anwar M., Hussain I., Rais M.,J. AnimalPlantSci., 2015,25:650
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[8] Aboagarib E., Yang R., Hua X., Siddeeg A., J. Food Nutrit. Res.,2014,2:187
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[9] Tan H. Y. et al., Evidence-based Complement. Altern. Med., 2016
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[10]Sharma N., Patni V., Asian J. Pharm.Clin. Res., 2012, 5:28
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[23]Varsha. G. J., Int. J. Environ. Sci. Nat. Resour., 2017, 4:1
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35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative study on different horizontal subsurface substrates in flow wetlands
A greenhouse experiment has been conducted to study the effect of using different wetland substrates that have been compiled on the basis of effluent treatment efficiency. Wetland beds have been prepared with locally available plants, in particular (Phragmites Australis). The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated on parameters such as biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total suspended solids (TSS) and total phosphorus (TP). The results indicate that nutrient reduction corresponds to lower flow in wetland beds. At the lower flow rate of 2.34 m3/day, the system with plastic supports showed the highest removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, TKN, TSS and TP in percentages of 74.42, 74.9 %, 63.28, 87.49 and 71.29 %, correspondingly.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_85008_2d3a662339d404130356fedfcbc8914c.pdf
2019-02-01
20
23
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.2023
nutrient removal
subsurface constructed wetlands
Greenhouse experiment
Ayman
El-Khateeb
aymanco@mans.edu.eg
1
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M. H.
Mahmoud
mahmoud@yahoo.com
2
Department of Mathematical and Physical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Fakih
m.fakih@yahoo.com
3
Water and Wastewater Company, Dakahlia, Egypt
AUTHOR
[1] Natarajan R., Al Fazari F., Al Saadi A., Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2018, 10:71
1
[2] Han W., Ge Y., Ren Y., Luo B., Du Y., Chang J., Wu J., Ecological Engineering, 2018, 113:65
2
[3] Sundaravadivel M., Vigeneswaran S., waste water recycle, reuse and reclamation, 2003, 2:62
3
[4] Fenxia Y., Ying L., Ecological Engineering, 2009, 35: 1043
4
[5] Jäntti H., Ward B.B., Dippner J.W., Hietanen S., Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2018, 202:280
5
[6] Seo D.C., Cho J.S., Leeand H.J., Heo J.S., Water Research, 2005, 39:2445
6
[7] Hua G., Kong J., Ji Y., Li M., Science of The Total Environment, 2018, 621:1142
7
[8] Sudarsan J.S., Roy R.L., Baskar G., Deeptha V.T., Nithiyanantham S., Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2015, 1:89
8
[9] Vymazal J., Kröpfelová L., Is Concentration of Dissolved Oxygen a Good Indicator of Processes in Filtration Beds of Horizontal-Flow Constructed Wetlands?, In: Vymazal J. (eds) Wastewater Treatment, Plant Dynamics and Management in Constructed and Natural Wetlands. Springer, Dordrecht. 2008, pp 311-317
9
[10] Ong S.A., Uchiyama K., Inadama D., YamagiwaK., Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 165:696
10
[11] Eugene W.R., Rodger B.B., Andrew D.E., Lenore S.C., Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation, 22nd edition. Washington DC, USA, 2012
11
[12] Watabe Y., Saitoh K., Soils and Foundations, 2015, 55:276
12
[13] Kadlec R.H., Ecological Engineering, 2009, 35:159
13
[14] Vymazal J., Science of the Total Environment, 2007, 380:48
14
[15] Seo D.C., Cho J.S., Lee H.J., Heo J.S., Water Research, 2005, 39:2445
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Development of chemically modified pencil graphite electrode based on benzo-18-crown-6 and multi-walled CNTs for determination of lead in water samples
An improvement to the performance of the bare pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was made by modifying it utilizing p-amino benzene sulfonic acid (p-ABSA), benzo-18-crown-6 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to detect lead (II) ions in water samples using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric technique. The presence of p-ABSA serves as ionic conductor while the good adsorption ability and electrical conductivity of multi-walled CNTs enhanced the sensitivity through increasing the electrochemical active surface area. Furthermore, using benzo-18-crown-6 as a molecular scavenger improved the selectivity for lead (II) ions. After optimizing the experimental and chemical parameters, the proposed electrode demonstrated linearity toward the lead (II) ions in a concentration range of 15-200 µM, and 0.99852 correlation factor at 5 sec accumulation time. The detection and qualification limits were statistically calculated based on ICH guidelines as 5.72 µM and 17.32 µM, respectively. The sensor demonstrated a very good selectivity over heavy metals for instance Zn (II), Fe (III), Cr (III), Cu (II) and Mn (VI). The developed method was adequately applied for the determination of Pb (II) ions in water samples. The results obtained by the current method were compared to the acquired results utilizing ICP-OES. According to the statistical consideration, the two methods were considered identical.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_85009_dff58e92d52bfaaedd5aee024b8f66d5.pdf
2019-02-01
24
33
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.2433
Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry
Carbon nanotubes
Crown-ether, molecular scavenger
Walaa Haider
Elobeid
walaahaider@yahoo.com
1
University of Khartoum, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Khartoum, Sudan
AUTHOR
Abdalla Ahmed
Elbashir
aaelbashir6@gmail.com
2
University of Khartoum, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Khartoum, Sudan
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] Ensafi A., Far A., Meghdadi S., Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 172:1069
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[2] Bellinger D., Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 2008, 20:172
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[3] Chen A., Cai B., Dietrich K.N., Radcliffe J., Rogan W.J., Pediatrics, 2007, 119:650
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[4] Lanphear B., Lanphear B.P., Hornung R., Khoury J., Yolton K., Baghurst P., Bellinger D.C., Canfield R.L., Dietrich K.N., Bornschein R., Greene T., Rothenberg S.J., Needleman H.L., Schnaas L., Wasserman G., Graziano J., Roberts R., Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005, 113:894
4
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7
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[9] Longerich H., Fryer B., Strong D., Spectrochimica Acta B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 1987, 42:39
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[10] Elobeid W.H., Elbashir A.A., EC Chemistry, 2018, 3:1
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[11] González‐Calabuig A., Guerrero D., Serrano N., del Valle M., Electroanalysis, 2016, 28:663
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[12] Grabarczyk M., Korolczuk M., Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 175:1007
12
[13] Wang J., Stripping Analysis: Principles, Instrumentation and applications; VCH Publishers Inc: New York, 1985: p. 1-160
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[16] He X., Chen L., Xie X., Su Z., Qin C., Liu Y., Ma M., Yao S., Deng L., Xie Q., Tian Y., Qin D., Luo Y., Microchimica Acta, 2011,176:81
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[17] Kerric G., Parra E.J., Crespo G.A., Xavier Rius F., Blondeau P., Journal of material chemistry, 2012, 22:16611
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[21] Huang Z., Kim S., Chang S., Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2006:27, 893
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[22] Brownson D.A.C., Banks C.E., The handbook of grapheme electrochemistry. Springer, New York: 2014; p. 23-77
22
[23] Zaib M., Athar M., International journal of electrochemical science, 2015, 10:6690
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[24] Martins I., Talanta, 2011, 15:85, 1
24
[25] Gosser D., Science and Reactivity of Inorganic and Metal Organic Chemistry, 2006, 24:1237
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[26] Malagutti A., Mazo L., Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 2003, 14:274
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[27] Topic Q2 (R1). Validation of analytical procedures: Text and morphology, International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) (1996) 1994, 17 (2005)
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[29] De Silva R.B., Bulska E., Żylkiewicz B.G., Hedrich M., Majcen N., Magnusson B., Marinčić S., Papadakis I., Patriarca M., Vassileva E., Taylor P., Analytical measurement: measurement uncertainty and statistics, Publications Office of the European Union, 2012
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Tertiary cyclic amides in Vilsmeier type reaction with indoles
The reaction of indoles with the complex formed from tertiary cyclic amides and phosphorus oxychloride, followed by basification using sodium hydroxide, was studied. In the case of five member amide rings, 3-(1-alkyl-pyrrolidine-2-ylidene)3H-indoles were obtained but in the case of six and seven member amide rings, ring opening was occurred and amino ketones were obtained.
https://www.pcbiochemres.com/article_85010_324a3ee7ad50cee51f8e0d7707528e87.pdf
2019-02-01
34
39
10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2019.2.3439
3-(1-alkyl-pyrrolidine-2-ylidene)3H-indoles
amino ketones
Indoles
phosphorus oxy chloride
Vilsmeier reaction
Masomeh
Aghazadeh
aghazadehchemist@gmail.com
1
Department of Chemistry, Maku Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maku, 58619-93548, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
[[1]] Vilsmeier A., Haack A., Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft, 1927, 60:119
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[2] (a) Smith G.F., Journal of the Chemical Society, 1954, 1:3842 (b) James P.N., Snyder H.R., organic synthesis collective, 1963, 4:539
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[3] Anthony W. C., Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1960, 25:2049
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[4] Youngdale G.A., Anger D.G., Anthony W.C., Da Vanzo J.P., Greig M.E., Heinzelman R.V., Keasling H.H., Szmuszkovicz J., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,1964, 7:415
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[14] Sajjadifar S., Mansouri G., Miraninezhad S., Asian Journal of Nanoscience and Materials, 2018, 1:11
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15